The Courts of Appeal is the second instance court competent to review cases decided by public and revolutionary courts.

Chapter XI of the Constitution of the IRI is dedicated to the judiciary and sets out its general framework and structure. In an Iranian court the judge acts as prosecutor, jury, and arbiter; the system is a form of the inquisitorial system. Iran - Iran - Justice: The judiciary consists of a Supreme Court, a Supreme Judicial Council, and lower courts. The Judicial System in the Islamic Republic of Iran Published by majid on Mon, 07/13/2009 - 11:10 The first draft of the constitution of the Islamic republic emphasized that in the Islamic republic, which is based on “democratic foundations,” “national sovereignty belongs to the Iranian people and can not be appropriated by any individual or group of individuals.” 30 June 2009. Criminal Law and the Legal System in Revolutionary Iran Nader Entessar ... A further impetus for Ayatollah Khomeini to call for the replacement of Iran's judicial system with an Islamic one came from his conception of justice. The Iranian Legal System is structured as a civil law system following French civil law system.

The structural changes in the Iranian legal system, particularly in civil and criminal codes of procedure, have resulted in substantial flaws in the administration of justice. Iran has the traditional criminal and civil courts, but it also has separate Islamic revolutionary courts that can try people on vague charges of being un-Islamic. The regular criminal justice system consisted of courts of first instance (including magistrate courts), courts of sessions, and a Court of Cassation. The judge holds absolute power. However, according to Article 168 of Iran's constitution, in certain cases involving the media a jury is allowed to be the arbiter.

Major crimes against state security were tried in the revolutionary courts, which operated separately from the regular judicial system. Iran - Judicial system The overthrow of the shah and the approval in 1980 of a constitution making Iran an Islamic state have radically changed Iran's judicial system. The Iranian Legal System. Iran's Judicial Training & Research Center (English/Persian)-Provides an overview of the judicial system. Judicial System of Iran. The judiciary falls under the authority of the supreme leader. The subordinate courts subfield lists the courts lower in the hierarchy of a country's court system. The purpose of Iran's mashrooteh or the Constitutional Revolution was to establish law and order in Iran. He appoints its chief for five-year terms. At the top of the legal system is the King, who acts as the final court of appeal and as a source of pardon. Iran (Persia, officially named the Islamic Republic of Iran), is situated in Western Asia.

A few countries with federal-style governments, such as Brazil, Canada, and the US, in addition to their federal court, have separate state- or province-level court systems, though generally the two systems interact. Legal Analysis of Iran's Judicial System . Under the 1979 constitution all judges must base their decisions on the Sharīʿah (Islamic law). The legal system of Iran is mixed (Muslim/Civil law). Legal and Judicial Structure Since Saudi Arabia is an Islamic state, its judicial system is based on Islamic law (Shari’ah) for both criminal and civil cases. After the 1979 overthrow of the Pahlavi Dynasty by the Islamic Revolution, the system was greatly changed.

image located by Bill Garrison, 14 September 2019 "Qovve-ye Qazaeiya-ye Iran" = "Judicial System of Iran" Bill Garrison, 14 September 2019. The legal system of Iran prior to the 1979 revolution was a mixture of Islamic Jurisprudence and Western legal systems, in particular the legal system adopted by the civil law countries. The chief justice and the prosecutor general must be specialists in Shiʿi canon law who have attained the status of mujtahid. Iran’s judicial system remains among the most brutal in the world. The legal code is now based on Shi'a Islamic law or sharia, although many aspects of civil law have …


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